2010年MBA联考英语试题及答案

n formation-a V-shape-expand less energy. The air flowing over a bird's wings curls upwards behind the wingtips, a phenomenon known as upwash. Other birds flying in the upwash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves. Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of Southern California, has suggested that a formation of 25 birds might enjoy a range increase of 71%.

When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different. Dr. Kroo and his team modeled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and Las Vegas were to assemble over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation, occasionally change places so all could have a turn in the most favorable positions, and proceed to London. They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (coupled with a reduction in carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of the flight fell by around a quarter.

There are, of course, knots to be worked out. One consideration is safety, or at least the perception of it. Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft could be separated by several nautical miles, and would not be in the intimate groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows. A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involved would satisfy air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the International Civil Aviation Organization has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new operational guidelines.

It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes' wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr. Kroo says this is one of the areas his team will investigate further. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flights.

As it happens, America's armed forces are on the case already. Earlier this year the country's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigate formation flight, though the programme has yet to begin. There are reports that some military aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War, but Dr. Lissaman says they are unsubstantiated. "My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin，"he adds. So he should know.

41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of New Boeing and Airbus aircraft.

42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.

43. Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers cannot see the other planes.

44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.

45. It has been documented that during World War II, America's armed forces once tried formation flight to save fuel.

Section Ⅲ Translation

46. Directions:

In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on NSWER SHEET2. (15points)

"Sustainability" has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.

Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He'd been through the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.

It didn’t go well. "It was a really bad move because that's not my passion," says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. "I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, 'Just wait, you'll turn the corner, give it some time.'"

Section Ⅳ Writing

Part A

47. Directions:

You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to

1) Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;

2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Zhang Wei" instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)

Part B

48. Directions:

In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should

1) Interpret the chart and

2) Give your comments.

You should write at least 150 words.

Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
​2010年MBA英语考题参考答案

Section I

1-5 DCBAA 6-10 BDCBA 11-15 ADDAA 16-20 BC(或D)CAB

Section Ⅱ

21-25 DACCC 26-30 ACBDB 31-35 AADCB 36-40 DACBD

41-45 FTFTF

Section Ⅲ

46.翻译参考答案：

当今，“承受力”已经成为了一个流行的词语。但是，对Ted Ning来说，他对这个词有着自身的体会。在忍受了一段痛苦的、难以承受的生活之后，他清楚地意识到，以承受力导向的生活价值需要通过日常的行动和抉择加以体现。

Ning回忆了在20世纪90年代末他在困惑中度过了一年，那年他从事保险销售工作。经历了网络经济的兴衰和衰败之后，他非常渴望得到一份工作，于是和一家Boulder经销商签了合同。

事情进展并不顺利。Ning说：“那的确是很糟糕的一种变动，我对那份工作没有热情。”可以想象，他这种工作上的窘境造成销售业绩不佳。他说：“很惨，我非常焦虑，常常会在半夜醒来，盯着天花板。没有钱，我需要这份工作。每个人都会说‘等吧，总会有转机的，给点时间吧。’“

47.参考范文：

Dear President，

I am writing this letter in purpose of expressing my appreciation for your hospitality accorded to me and my delegation during our visit to your company.

During the entire visit, my delegation and I were overwhelmed by the enthusiasm expressed by you and your faculty members. I sincerely hope we could have more exchanges like this one so that we could be able to further our communication to explore the feasible ways to expand our cooperation.

I am looking forward to your early visit to China, when I will be able to pay back the hospitality we received.

With kind personal regards.

Faithfully yours,

Zhangwei

48. 参考范文：

As is seen from the chart, the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries have a steady but slight increase from 1990 to 2007 and the remain constant between 2007 and 2008. Meanwhile the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries have experienced a slow increase from 1990 to 2004 and then a great surge from 2004 to 2008.

What accounts for the difference? In my view, at least three factors contribute to the change. To begin with, the developed countries have a limited number of populations and therefore, the spreading of the mobile phone service is efficient and soon the market is saturated. More importantly, the developing countries have a large population, which constitute a large demand for mobile service. As the mobile phone service becomes cheaper and cheaper, the increasing customers subscribe to benefit from this service. Of course, the improvement of people’s living standard of developing countries greatly pushes up the consumption of life facilities.

With the advancement of developing countries, an increasing number of people will subscribe mobile phones. In my opinion, it’s a positive trend, for it not only brings conveniences to people’s life, but stimulate the development of society.