2022考研英语阅读-转折处命题如何应对？

在考研英语传统阅读中，根据考查重点的不同，题型可以归纳为六类。这六类题型的解题思路虽各不相同，但是“转折”几乎在所有题型中都发挥着重要的作用。因此，抓住“转折”，很多时候就接近正确答案了。

一、主旨大意题

例：(2016年英语二text3) That everyone’s too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There’s never any time to read.

(2020年英语一text3)Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.

主旨大意题主要是寻找一篇文章的中心论点，回到文章首段，我们如果发现首段出现转折句，极有可能就是这篇文章的中心论点，也就成为主旨大意题的答案出处，以上段落都是英一英二试题中的典型案例。

二、段落推断题

例：The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

　　25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.

　　[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.

　　[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

　　[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.

段落推断题实则是在考查某个段落的分论点，当我们在这个段落中发现有转折时，那转折句就最有可能命制正确答案。案例如上,however引出转折句，讲句子主干拎出来——whether...，or whether...,is,an unanswered question.(是...还是...，是一个悬而未决的问题)，根据主干语义直接对应选项，会发现和B选项相吻合。B选项uncertain(不确定的)对应unanswered(没有答案的)。

三、态度题

例 (2012年英语一text 4)

John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of

culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers. The only American public-sector workers who earn well above $ 250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States. Bankers’ fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.

　　40. John Donahue’s attitude towards the public-sector system is one of ______.

　　[A] disapproval

　　[B] appreciation

　　[C] tolerance

　　[D] indifference

在态度题中，可以先排除选项中不可以表达的态度，再回到原文确定

答案，而回原文确定答案很多时候是在段落的转折句。案例如上，先排除选项C和D(均属于解题技巧课中讲过的可以直接排除选项)，回原文定位，发现转折词but,抓重点表达“a much bigger problem”,可以判断出来表述偏负面态度，对应正确答案A选项。

因此，在各个题型中，抓住“转折”，会让你事半功倍。
 

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