2010年MBA联考英语试题及答案

with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.

26. What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?

A. Talking to them. B. Trusting them.

C. Supporting their careers. D. Sharing housework.

27. Judging from the context, the phrase "wreaking havoc"(Line 3, Para.2) most probably means ___ .

A. generating motivation B. exerting influence

C. causing damage D creating pressure

28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_______

A. men tend to talk more in public tan women

B. nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation

C. women attach much importance to communication between couples

D. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse

29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?

A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.

B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.

C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.

D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.

30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on ______.

A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk

B. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon

C. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.

D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker

Text3

Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors —habits —among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.

"There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits," Dr. Curtis said. "We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically."

The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to —Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever —had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers' lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.

If you look hard enough, you'll find that many of the products we use every day —chewing gums, skin moisturizers, dis infecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins —are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.

A few decades ago, many people didn't drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.

"Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns," said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. "Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers' lives, and it's essential to making new products commercially viable."

Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.

31. According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap________.

A. should be further cultivated B. should be changed gradually

C. are deeply rooted in history D. are basically private concerns

32. Bottled water, chewing gum and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____.

A. reveal their impact on people' habits B. show the urgent need of daily necessities

C. indicate their effect on people' buying power D. manifest the significant role of good habits

33. Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people's habits?

A. Tide B. Crest C. Colgate D. Unilever

34. From the text we know that some of consumer's habits are developed due to _____.

A. perfected art of products B. automatic behavior creation

C. commercial promotions D. scientific experiments

35. The author's attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people's habits is____

A. indifferent B. negative C. positive D. biased

Text4

Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.

But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.

The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.

In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.

36. From the principles of the U.S. jury system, we learn that ______.

A. both literate and illiterate people can serve on juries

B. defendants are immune from trial by their peers

C. no age limit should be imposed for jury service

D. judgment should consider the opinion of the public

37. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____.

[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws

[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races

[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures

[D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court judges

38. Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____.

[A]they were automatically banned by state laws

[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications

[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties

[D]they tended to evade public engagement

39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed, ___.

[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished

[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors

[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community

[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system

40. In discussing the U.S. jury system, the text centers on_______.

[A]its nature and problems

[B]its characteristics and tradition

[C]its problems and their solutions

[D]its tradition and development
Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and decide whether each of the statement is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F if the statement is not true. Make your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. ( 10 points)

Copying Birds May Save Aircraft Fuel

Both Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft, the 787 and A350 respectively. Their clever designs and lightweight compositions certainly make a difference. But a group of researchers at Stanford University, led by Ilan Kroo, has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use, and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.

The answer, says Dr. Kroo, lies with birds. Since 1914, scientists have known that birds flying i